The fourth industrial revolution an african perspective. It is argued that the liberalization of the international trade regime is unlikely to be sufficient for successful development unless the technological ability of firms is increased to allow an elastic supply response. I an overview of sustainable development in africa emmanuel kwesi boon encyclopedia of life support systems eolss the world be seen as one ecosystem and that the economic development process should include ecological and environmental issues as an essential component. The history of economic development of advanced countries shows that there is a close relation between the level of industrial development and the level of national and per capita income.
In 20 the average share of manufacturing in gdp in subsaharan africa was about 10% the same as in the 1970s. Made in africa the future of production on the continent. Accelerating industrial development in africa conference organized by unuwider. An overview the prevailing industrial relations systems in southern african countries1 can be categorized into three broad levels of development. In view of various policies adopted by successive governments to advance industrialization in nigeria, the study examined the effect human capital development has had on industrial growth in the light of various factors that could have shaped industrial performance. Pdf industrial development and industrial finance in brazil.
Review report on africa industrial development for csd 14 this document was prepared by nebiyeleul gessese phd, consultant, industrial ecology and energy, under the overall guidance of the nited nations economic commission for africa uneca,u sustainable development division and united nations industrial development organization unido. The case for industrial development in africa in recent years, african countries have demonstrated renewed commitment to industrialization as part of a broader. Africas share of global manufacturing has fallen from about 3% in 1970 to less than 2% in 20. Ajayi department of geography, university of ibadan, nigeria abstract perhaps one major problem facing nigeria today that has received little or no attention remains her low industrial base. Africa has already consolidated a common regional vision for development. The challenges of latecomer development in terms of existing productivity gaps, small markets, low levels of economic sophis tication and diversification and. The future of jobs and skills in africa iii key findings the world economic forums human capital index finds that subsaharan africa currently only captures 55% of its human capital potential, compared to a global average of 65%. Industrial development an overview sciencedirect topics. Trade, technology and the role of the state 453 davis, j. One element is the extremely high level of industrial product imports into the vast majority of ssa countries. The ensuing slump in global demand for many of south africa commodities resulted in a slowing down of exports and investment in south africa.
It is the strategic framework for delivering on africas goal for inclusive and sustainable development and is a concrete manifestation of the panafrican drive for unity, selfdetermination, freedom, progress and collective prosperity pursued under panafricanism and african. The emergence and diffusion of advanced digital production adp technologies clustered around the fourth industrial revolution 4ir is radically altering the nature of manufacturing production, increasingly blurring the boundaries between physical and digital production systems. Aida accelerated industrial development for africa background the leaders of africa have in recent years shown commitment to the industrialization of the continent in both the short and longterm, and have taken a number of major initiatives to meet the challenges of development as evidenced by their decision to dedicate the january 2008. The chapter concludes with a reflection of factors that have shaped industrial development in kenya. The agreement will facilitate cooperation between the bank and unido on joint activities of shared interest in areas such as agroindustry development, circular economy.
Productivity and industrial development in subsaharan africa. The economic development in africa report 2011 examines the status of industrial development in africa with a focus on the identification of stylized facts associated with african manufacturing. It is a prerequisite to africas sustainable and inclusive growth, achievable through. Industrial development has had an important role in the economic growth of countries like china, the republic of korea korea, taiwan province of china taiwan, and indonesia. Pdf on jan 1, 2007, matleena kniivila and others published industrial development and economic growth. Implications for poverty reduction and income inequality find, read and cite all the. Aida accelerated industrial development for africa. With more than 60% of its population under the age of 25, subsaharan africa is the worlds youngest region. The fourth industrial revolution offers africa opportunities to accelerate economic. Lyby, in international encyclopedia of education third edition, 2010. The africa renewal information programme provides uptodate information and analysis of the major economic and development challenges facing africa today. Policies for resolving africas economic and development crisis generally focus. Idda3 third industrial development decade for africa 2016.
Industrial development helps in the rapid growth of national and per capita income. Pdf industrial development of africa jicas commitment at. The 4th industrial revolution 3 key messages the fourth industrial revolution is a fundamental shift in the way that technology, communications, data, and analytics impacts almost all aspects of society and the economy this era presents south africa with significant and interrelated opportunities improved access to better services, provided more efficiently across socioeconomic and. Pdf industrial development and industrial finance in. There are three areas which african leaders need to. The state of industrial development in africa unctad.
The potential of manufacturing and industrialization in africa. Changing contextual environment the industrial relations systems. The role of human capital in industrial development. The case for industrial development in africa in recent years, african countries have demonstrated renewed commitment to industrialization as part of a broader agenda to diversify their economies, build resilience. Pdf africa, especially subsaharan africa is considered as the next global growth hot spot as it is predicted to have an average gross. It works with the media in africa and beyond to promote the work of the united nations, africa and the international community to bring peace and development to africa. Industrial development and economic growth 297 remain unchanged see e.
It also provides an analysis of past attempts at promoting industrial development in the region and the lessons learned from these experiences. Industrialisation in subsaharan africa overseas development. The fourth industrial revolution an african perspective fin24. An optimal industrial effort requires carefully designed and calibrated policy, against the background of increasingly uncertain, volatile and often potentially hostile global market conditions. Tanzanias industrial sector has evolved through various stages since independence in 1961, from nascent and undiversified to stateled import substitution industrialization, and subsequently to deindustrialization under structural adjustment programmes and policy reforms. Kickstarting industrial transformation in subsaharan africa ilo. Brazil and south africa share similar development challenges. Inclusive growth is a concept that advances equitable opportunities for economic participants during economic growth with benefits inclined by every section of society.
Trade, technology and the role of the state 441 choose or exercise these options explicitly, barring a few which are the ofttouted examples in this regard. This being so, the only practical way to implement effective industrial policy is to zlearn by doing. Introduction in the 1960s, there were high hopes for newly independent subsaharan african countries. Evolution and current performance mulu gebreeyesus unumerit, maastricht. In an effort to reposition itself in the world economy, the south african government established the industrial development zone programme idz in. Because so little attention has been paid to african industry in public debate, at. David meads, the president of cisco africa, recently wrote that in the context of the 4th industrial revolution and its disruptive effect on all economies, the development of digital skills in particular will be paramount to transition the population from lowskill and lowpay jobs to highskill and highpay jobs. Both have very unequal income distributions, both have a strong resource orientation underpinning their industrial development trajectory, and both have undergone a sharp liberalisation. However, in response to recent skepticism, this paper examines whether the conventional wisdom about agricul tures contribution to the development process can still be applied to africa today. Nov 20, 2014 when africa emerged from its long economic hibernation around the turn of the 21st century, african industry was no longer competing with the highwage industrial north, as it had in the. So far, it has failed to garner much attention, perhaps because it doesnt fit the expected mould of.
In an effort to reposition itself in the world economy, the south african government established the industrial development zone programme idz in 2000. There is general agreement that industrial growth is vital to economic development in african countries with a potential to contribute significantly to poverty. The 4th industrial revolution 3 key messages the fourth industrial revolution is a fundamental shift in the way that technology, communications, data, and analytics impacts almost all aspects of society and the economy this era presents south africa with significant and interrelated opportunities. The details of key crosscutting issues are elaborated in annexure 1. The report identifies key actions that can be taken at national, regional and continental levels to overcome barriers to intra african mobility. Africas low level of industrial development and product diversification is reflected in an analysis of the international trade of ssa countries by industrial products. The discourse on the nature of the developmental state and industrial policy options for africa has become central to debates on how to. Executive briefing the future of jobs and skills in africa. Economic report on africa 2014 ii ordering information to order copies of dynamic industrial policy in africa. The impact of the 4th industrial revolution on economic. A summary non exhaustive list of possible qualifications comprises. Sep 25, 2017 a key part of the fourth industrial revolution in terms of africa would be that inclusive growth receives attention. When africa emerged from its long economic hibernation around the turn of the 21st century, african industry was no longer competing with the highwage industrial north, as it had in the. For more than 40 years africas industrial development has been disappointing.
Like many developing countries, kenyas early years of. This remarkable performance has been largely driven by the prolonged commodity boom and development assistance. A key part of the fourth industrial revolution in terms of africa would be that inclusive growth receives attention. Policy on development of special economic zones in south. Industrial development in tanzania oxford scholarship.
The sez programme is a tool that is used by many economies to promote trade, economic growth and industrialisation. The new partnership for africas development nepad, the african mining vision, agenda 2063 and the first 10year implementation plan of agenda 2063 are promising mechanisms for mobilizing multistakeholder partnerships to promote industrialization. Migration for structural transformation examines how wellmanaged migration can help to address africa s development challenges. Namibia, nigeria and south africa, previous publications have presented forecasts on fragility, violence instability, democracy, urbanisation, development aid and the potential for africa to achieve key sustainable development goals sdgs in poverty, health and infrastructure. Idda3 third industrial development decade for africa. Immediately after independence, the development strategies in africa had one goal human development.
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